This embroidered hanging, possibly intended for a Buddhist temple, is quite exceptional, notably due to its unusual velvet background. Measuring 66 inches by 91 inches (168 cm x 231 cm), this artwork showcases intricate metallic couching, particularly evident in the dragons' embroidery, where padding up to 1 cm in thickness creates a captivating 3-D effect.

The large dragon positioned at the base is a Ryu-type dragon, prevalent in Japanese folklore, while the shorter dragons above might represent a Hai-riyo, a winged dragon considered highly evolved in Japanese lore. In Japanese culture, dragons embody various attributes—protectors of Buddhist law, symbols of imperial power, guardians of specific directions, and bringers of wealth and fortune.

Japanese dragons, characterized by their slender snake-like bodies, are a composite of nine different animals, each part symbolizing unique qualities. They're revered as magical beings, capable of shape-shifting, and are believed to originate from Japan. These creatures, unlike Chinese dragons, traditionally relate more to the sea than rain.

With Buddhism's introduction, dragons were incorporated as guardian deities, protecting the land, people, and crops. These mythical creatures hold immense significance in Japanese mythology, often tied to water, weather control, and safeguarding crops, reflected in agricultural ceremonies and cultural fables.

This hanging's background in imported velvet is quite rare. Velvet was introduced to Japan in the 16th century by European traders and was expensive during the Edo period. While initially limited to the wealthy, by the mid-19th century, it became more common. Interestingly, depictions of velvet in Japanese artwork serve as historical markers, revealing the societal acceptance and integration of foreign imports into Japanese culture over time.

This artwork is featured on pages 438-439 of Ceremonial Textiles of Japan, 18th to 20th Centuries. This book, published by Yorke Antique Textiles, can be previewed or purchased on our website here.

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